"You're late, had to be here twenty minutes ago ... The accident must have happened ..."
"I can not sleep - are as terrified ... and I do not know why! "
What
The Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is characterized by a state anxiety, apprehension and worry too intensity, duration or frequency and in many areas of daily life. This anxiety is not related to a real event is dangerous and difficult to control. In addition there is at least 6 months.
| § tension, muscle pain or cramps § Sleeping problems § upset stomach, nausea, diarrhea | § Vertigo § Nervousness or restlessness § ; Easy fatigue |
Psychological symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
| § Irritability § Feeling of terror or intense fear § Inability to control symptoms of anxiety | § Inability to relax § Difficulty concentrating § Fear of losing control |
In many cases these symptoms is accompanied by activation of the autonomic nervous system which can cause palpitations, sweating, shortness of breath, nausea, increased need to urinate ...
GAD often has a chronic course, which is why the sufferer tends to be defined as an "anxious person," as a feature of personality, as a hallmark of his way of being. For this reason it is often unrecognized disorder and patients tend to turn to medical figures because of physical symptoms
What are the symptoms
Those with generalized anxiety disorder, lives as if he feared a disaster at any moment, in an almost constant state of worry. Most of excessive fears about everyday situations, such as job responsibilities, financial problems, their health and their families, significant personal injury ... People suffering from GAD may be terrified of making mistakes at work, may be in great anxiety to a minimum any delay, fearing that an accident happened, can wake up restless night thinking about how to solve a problem.
In some cases these concerns are recognized as excessive, especially after the dreaded event did not occur in other cases, however, concerns are considered realistic.
however be interpreted as anxiety, those who suffer from GAD experience a strong unease due to the constant concern.
This state of worry and anxiety is maintained and amplified the activity of our minds, thoughts and opinions through that continues to work on these issues for many hours a day (or night).
To assuage the concerns Who suffers from this disorder may implement behaviors such as distracted
- Do (activities, sources information, people ...)
- Get constant reassurance to those around
These behaviors, as opposed to the intentions of those who put them in place, are effective in maintaining and increasing the uneasiness and suffering.
GAD sufferers can get to a deterioration of functioning in the workplace, social and family, reduced self-esteem and possibly resulting in depression.
How do you know if you suffer from GAD
Everyone experiences anxiety so it is important to differentiate normal concerns from those that characterize the generalized anxiety disorder. L ' anxiety is an emotion functional test that every healthy person. Compared with normal concerns, those that characterize GAD are:
- more numerous, more frequent, more invasive
- almost constant, present in anticipation of an event, however unlikely
- accompanied by strong anxiety
- not related to situations of real danger associated with physical symptoms
- difficult to control
| Concerns normal vs GAD | |
| Concerns "normal" | |
| Your worries do not interfere with your activities and daily responsibilities. | Your concerns and interfere in a negative way significant with your work, activities and social life. |
| You can control your worries. | You can not control the anxiety and concerns. |
| your concerns, although unpleasant, do not cause significant stress. | Your concerns you toss and much stress. |
| Your concerns are limited to a small number of realistic problems. | you worried about anything and tend to always expect the worst. |
| Your concerns are present only for short periods of time. | you're worried about every day for at least 6 months. |
In the presence of these symptoms should be excluded a general medical condition (eg hyperthyroidism) or the effect of substances such as caffeine or drugs. It should also be distinguished from other anxiety disorders, hypochondriasis, or by eating disorder.
How is treated
recognized as the most effective treatments for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder include psychotherapy and medication. In the drug therapy used new-generation antidepressants and benzodiazepines. In the short term, these drugs are effective, but the interruption of their engagement, it is possible that the symptoms of disease recurrence in that its causes may remain unchanged.
The Guidelines indicate "It is appropriate in the case of the GAD associated non-pharmacological support to the patient. In some cases, psychotherapeutic support is first class and can be considered exclusive. In most cases it is appropriate psychopharmacological treatment associated with parallel or sequentially.
The most studied treatment and for which there is evidence of effectiveness is the cognitive behavioral therapy. "
This approach works on the reduction or disappearance of symptoms of anxiety, on the resumption of social skills and interpersonal
psychological functioning. Work on current problems ("here and now ') and is based on active engagement by the patient.
| Children and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) In children, the excessive concern may relate to future events, past behaviors, acceptance by the others, family problems, personal skills and academic performance. Unlike adults, children and adolescents with GAD often feel that the anxiety experienced is disproportionate to the situation. This requires that parents and teachers to understand the symptoms. The alarm bells in children may be: ü concerns about situations in a distant future ("what if?", "what if ...?") ü Perfectionism, excessive self-criticism and strong fear of failure ü feeling of being liable for any disaster and avoid them through their concerns ü need frequent reassurance and approval |
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